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An Alcoholic Societal Views Vs. Reality - 1103 Words

An Alcoholic: Societal Views vs. Reality One of the oldest forms of social miscreant is the drunkard. When the term alcoholic is used visions of a feeble old man, in dirty clothing, unshaven, smelly and clutching a brown paper bag that houses his poison. He is pathetic, weak willed, he does not care for his loved ones or for himself. In recent times this term has broadened. Some would even be proud to be labeled an alcoholic. Societal ignorance is twofold when it comes to alcoholism, in order to understand Alcoholism properly we must consider both the disease and the treatment. In 1956 the AMA (American Medical Association) classified Alcoholism as a disease. The association’s definition of alcoholism is a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. In this case the term â€Å"primary† is used to indicate that it is a disease that can lead to other diseases such as Cirrhosis, Liver Cancer and Diabetes. The AMA characterizes Alcoholism by: 1. Extensive periods of heavy alcohol consumption. 2. Inability to control or stop drinking once it has begun. 3. Physical withdrawals symptoms when not drinking such as; shaking, elevated blood pressure, sweating and seizures. 4. Increased tolerance to alcohol. Having to consume larger amounts to have effect. 5. Development of social/legal problems as a result of behaviors caused by drinking. The definition includes that Alcoholism is in part caused byShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism a Social Problem?1593 Words   |  7 Pagessettlement. Due the possibility of alcohol abuse, the commonwealth of Virginia enacted the first law in 1619. This law was not against the use of alcohol, but against drunkenness. In fact, the society of that time was less concerned with drinking alcoholic beverages, as they were with the effect of drunkenness on one’s ability to care for their children, perform their duties and report for work. Alcohol served several purposes during the Civil War. It was used as an anesthesia, because it was lessRead MoreCritical Ethical Issues in Todays Challenging Business Environment1904 Words   |  8 Pagesbusiness partners or investors, and supply chain members. Therefore, it is imperative for them to keep themselves on the ethical path and perform as a socially and environmentally responsible corporate entity (Groucutt, Forsyth, Leadley, 63). Keeping in view the significance of ethical marketing, researchers have highlighted some core areas on which business organizations should focus in order to avoid criticism and negative consequences in the future. Financial Objectives and Social Welfare must go sideRead MoreSelf-Alienation to Self-Adjustment: Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things and Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss2001 Words   |  8 PagesArundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things and Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss are two such novels that explore the tragedy of man on several levels using different perspectives. Both the novels are about averted culture-clash tragedies, homogeneity vs. heterogeneity, and about Indian sensibilities. This paper attempts to examine the fictional projections of Indian girls, to see how they emerge in ideological terms. Their journeys from self-alienation to self-adjustment, their childhood strugglesRead More Their Heaviest Burden : Fear, Upbringing And Moral Supremacy As Societal Divisors2476 Words   |  10 PagesThomas Maye Mrs. Plackowski AP Language and Composition G 6 June 2015 â€Å"Their Heaviest Burden†: Fear, Upbringing and Moral Supremacy as Societal Divisors Throughout history, philosophers have debated the nature of man as good or evil, and the texts To Kill a Mockingbird, James Whale’s Frankenstein (1931), and Vietnam War memoir The Things They Carried all detail this philosophical debate. It is argued that man is inherently of one moral fiber or another, predispositioned towards one natureRead More Culture of Fear Essay4396 Words   |  18 Pagesconcept, and an interesting one at that. However, Frank Furedi comes off to me as little more than a fear monger and an intellectual elitist. His book, to me, seems redundant more often than not. But sometimes part of college is learning about points of view that you may not agree with, so I tried to maintain that perspective when I read the book. Our assignment for class was to read the book, and every week or so we would write a reading log about a particular chapter. This was beyond a doubt a veryRead MoreSociological View on Deviance and Drug Use Essay8777 Words   |  36 PagesIntroduction What can a sociologist tell us about deviance, and drug use that we do not already know? If there is anything distinctive about the sociologist view, it is their emphasis on social context. One of the central ideas of all human experience is meaning. Meaning is something imposed and socially made-up, and has two features: it is both external and internal. Meaning is assigned externally to objects and behavior by social cooperation. But it is also assigned by the individualRead MoreTracing Theoretical Approaches to Crime and Social Control: from Functionalism to Postmodernism16559 Words   |  67 Pages. 33 Neo-Marxist Critical theory: The Frankfurt School.................................................. 34 Structural Marxism ..................................................................................................... 35 Post-Modern Views on Crime in Neo-Marxist Criminology ..................................... 40 CHAPTER 4 ..................................................................................................................... 42 FOUCAULTS SYSTEM OF POWER AND DISCIPLINERead MoreOrganic Milk: Attitudes and Consumption Patterns6587 Words   |  27 Pagesassociated internal and external factors within this area, and their impact for marketing managers. Helene Hill and Fidelma Lynchehaun The organic market At a time when most food markets are affected by the debate on ``Every day low price (EDLP) vs Regular Price Promotions , the organic food market is booming despite low levels of advertising. Consumer demand for organic food continues to grow as current organic consumers buy across different organic food ranges and new consumers are enteringRead MoreCRM 1301 Midterm uOttawa Carolyn Gordon Essay10218 Words   |  41 Pagesundesirables/deviants Religious Control – More shame than pain The Ducking Stool, Brank, Branding Socially Constructed Problem: The Moral Panic Moral panic: Occurs when a condition, episode, person or group of persons is defined as a threat to societal values and interests Moral entrepreneurs: can be an individual, group, or a formal organization who takes the responsibility to persuade the society at what is more important in terms of laws. Folk devils: groups that vise to be a threat to societyRead MoreAin t No Making It Chapter Summaries Essay9177 Words   |  37 Pageshand have more parents and siblings who graduated high school and attended at least some college, more have father figures living in the house, and their average time living in Clarendon Heights is less than the Hallway Hangers. The Hallway Hangers view their own job experiences and those of their family members as foreshadowing for their own future jobs and contribute to an entrenched cynicism. They believe their preferences will have no bearing on the work they will actually end up doing. To this

Brilliant Minds Essay Research Paper Running head free essay sample

Brilliant Minds Essay, Research Paper Runing caput: BRILLIANT MINDS Brilliant Minds of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Willie B. Hill, Jr. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale ________________________________________________________________ ELM-300 Introduction to Electronic Management Research Spring Semester 2000 Fort Gordon, Georgia Contentss Page ABSTRACT # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .3 INTRODUCTION # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; 4 MOTION STUDY # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .4 FATIGUE STUDY # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .6 CONCLUSION # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .. # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .7 REFERENCES # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .. # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .8 Abstraction Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were two of the great innovators of in the survey of Scientific Management. Two of there major Hagiographas were on Fatigue Study and Motion Study. Business bookmans use many of their Hagiographas, today. Many of their consequences affect the work conditions in many companies. Brilliant Minds of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Frank Gilbreth was born on July 7, 1868 in Fairfield, Maine. Lillian Gilbreth was born on June 24, 1924 in Montclair, New Jersey. The Gilbreths # 8217 ; are considered two of the greatest American bookmans in the field of scientific direction. Many professional concern directors use many of their Hagiographas. Many of their Hagiographas include The Psychology of Management, Fatigue Study, Motion Study for the Handicapped, Applied Motion Study, Motion Study, Primer of Scientific Management, Bricklaying System, and Concrete System. One of the great literary Hagiographas by the Gilbreths was the survey of gesture. Gesture survey is a agency to permanent and practical waste riddance ( Gilbreth, 1917 ) . This work is aim to depict the work countries that gesture survey can be or is being applied and different methods to use to the survey. Finally, the consequence of the survey. Gesture survey was chiefly used in American Industry. The end of this survey was to extinguish unneeded attempt used in the industry to every bit low as possible. The betterment of a occupation undertaking while increasing productiveness was the consequence. The American industrial sector was used because it was spread outing during this clip and America needed to better industrial techniques to stay competitory against other states. Gesture survey analyzed every detailed in the operation to execute a peculiar undertaking and determined the method which used the least sum of energy. An illustration of this research is the assembly of piece used in the production of the braider manufactured by the New England Butt Company ( Gilberth 1917 ) . After analysis utilizing gesture survey there was a three hundred and 50 per centum addition in production with no addition in worker weariness ( Gilbreth 1917 ) . The analysis consisted of what is the unit of step, the difference methods used, an d devices needed. All three are needed to be incorporated to obtain a consequence. The usage of chronocyclegraph gesture devices was another method used in gesture survey. Chronocyclegraph devices were used in the survey to explicate a precise scientific decision to an probe. Clocks, temperature, and location devices was used during the survey. This was necessary to acquire the accurate clip of twenty-four hours, temperature, and topographic point a survey was performed. The information can be mention in the hereafter or the present by scientist and bookmans to compare other scientific consequences from gesture survey. The 3rd type used to make a decision in gesture survey was a gesture theoretical account. Gesture theoretical accounts were used chiefly in educational sector ( Spriegel 1953 ) . It dealt with the different methods of instruction by an person. The outline of the survey was that different methods are used to execute the undertaking than what is taught by the instructor. In one illustration, the instructor taught a individual who was unfamiliar with a topic a really thorough account on how to carry through the undertaking, which was really clip consuming ( Gilbreth 1917 ) . On the other manus, when really executing the undertaking the teacher used cutoffs that reduced the sum of clip to execute the undertaking ( Gilbreth 1917 ) . Another of the Gilbreths # 8217 ; plants was a survey of weariness in the workplace Fatigue is the fatigue from labour or effort ( Webster 1994 ) . This was designed to foremost, to find what types of business causes different sorts of weariness. Second, to measure how unneeded weariness can be eliminated. Third, to cut down the sum of weariness in the workplace every bit low as possible. Fourth, to find different methods to battle weariness. Fifth, to set the information gathered by the survey in a signifier that the mean worker can understand. The two types of weariness are necessary and unneeded. Unnecessary weariness is caused by work that uses more energy to carry through a undertaking than is needed or executing a occupation that should non be performed to make a end ( Myers 1953 ) . A good illustration of otiose energy is the work of the bricklayer. The method for centuries was for the bricklayer to raise his organic structure, the howitzer, and the bricks from the land to the top of the edifice ( Gilbreth 1916 ) . This type of work used a big sum of unneeded energy. Necessary weariness is caused by the achievement of any undertaking. For illustration, there might be an betterment to a work method, which resulted in an addition of productiveness by 50 per centum. Even though more work was accomplished in the same sum of clip it did non or can be expected to extinguish all weariness. One of the most effectual ways to cut down weariness is to better the work environment of an employee. The employer needs to guarantee a worker has adequate clip to rest and pass clip with the household at the terminal of the twenty-four hours. One of the ways to guarantee an employee is non exhausted is to supply a lunch period and at least one twenty-four hours a hebdomad off from work. Another method is to guarantee the proper equipment is used to execute a undertaking. The Gilbreths # 8217 ; did a survey, in which, they provided a lean backing chair to all workers in a company. After one hebdomad of usage the company addition productiveness with less worker weariness ( Spriegel 1953 ) . Proper lighting in the workplace is another manner to cut down weariness. If a workplace has excessively much or non plenty illuming the workers will tire at a greater rate because it will do changeless accommodation and re-adjustment of the eyes. Decision Improvement of working conditions is indispensable to increasing worker productiveness. The Gilbreths # 8217 ; dedicated their lives to contrive methods to cut down worker weariness and waste of unneeded energy. Many of their thoughts are incorporated to many Torahs passed by the authorities during the 1930s # 8217 ; and 1940s # 8217 ; . Failure of concerns to follow the rules of the Gilbreths # 8217 ; could ensue in lower worker productiveness and morale. An of import ingredient in a company # 8217 ; s profitableness is a good relationship with direction and the employee. Bibliography Mentions Gilbreth, F. , A ; Gilbreth L. ( 1916 ) . Fatigue Study. New York: Sturgis A ; Walton Co. Gilbreth, F. , A ; Gilbreth L. ( 1911 ) . Gesture Study. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co. Merriam-Webster # 8217 ; s School Dictionary ( 1994 ) . Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc. Meyers, C. E. , Spriegel W. R. ( Eds. ) . ( 1953 ) The Writings of the Gilbreths. Homewood, Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.

Pierre Trudeau Essays - Pierre Trudeau, French Quebecers

Pierre Trudeau Pierre Trudeau, former Prime Minister of Canada, was once described as "A French Canadian proud of his identity and culture, yet a biting critic of French-Canadian society, determined to destroy its mythology and illusions". He has also been identified as "A staunch, upholder of provincial autonomy holding the justice portfolio in the federal government". Such cumulative appraisal and observation made by past fellow bureaucrat provides high testimonial for the ex-Democratic Socialist. This critique will establish and dispute the prime directives that Trudeau had advocated in his own book written during the years 1965 to 1967. The compilation of political essays featured in his book deal with the diverse complexities of social, cultural and economical issues that were predominant in Canadian politics during the mid 1960's. However, throughout my readings I was also able to discover the fundamental principles that Trudeau would advocate in order to establish a strong and p roductive influence in Canadian politics. Born in 1921, Trudeau entered the world in a bilingual/bicultural home located in the heart of Montreal, Quebec. His acceptance into the University of Montreal would mark the beginning of his adventures into the Canadian political spectrum. Early in his life, Trudeau had become somewhat anti-clerical and possessed communist ideologies which were considered radical at the time. Graduating from prestigious institutions such as Harvard and The School of Economics in England, Turdeau returned to Canada in 1949 and resumed his social science endeavors. At this time in Quebec, the province was experiencing tremendous cultural and political differences with the rest of the country. The Union Nationale had taken possession of political matters in Quebec and was steadily dismantling the socialist essence imposed on the province by the Federal government. The current Prime Minister, Maurice Duplessis, found himself battling a religious nationalist movement that corrupted the very fabric of political stability in Quebec. The Duplessis faction maintained their conservative approach towards political reform but failed to sway the majority of the population into alleviating with the demands of the Canadian government. The citizens of Quebec revered their clerical sector as holding 'utmost importance' towards preserving French cultural values and this did not correlate with the Federal government's policies and ideals. Francophones were under the impression that their own Federal government had set out to crush and assimilate what had remained of their illustrious heritage in order to accommodate economic and political tranquility. Trudeau himself had decided to join the nationalist uprising with his advocation of provincial autonomy. Ultimately, he and other skilled social scientists attempted to bring down the Duplessis party in 1949, but failed miserably in their efforts. Duplessis buckled underneath t he continuous pressure of French patriotism and was rewarded for his inept idleness by winning his fourth consecutive election in 1956. Although nothing of significance had been accomplished, Quebec has solidified its temporary presence in confederation at such a time. This prompted Trudeau to involve himself in provincial diplomacy as he would engage in several media projects that would voice his displeasure and disapproval with the ongoing cultural predicament in Canada (this included a syndicated newspaper firm, live radio programs). "If, in the last analysis, we continually identify Catholicism with conservatism and patriotism with immobility, we will lose by default that which is in play between all cultures...". By literally encouraging a liberal, left- wing revolution in his province, Trudeau believed that Democracy must come before Ideology. Gradually, his disposition would attract many politicians and advocates of Socialism, and thus it allowed him to radiate hi s ideology onto the populace of Quebec. Trudeau makes it clear in his book that during the early years of the Duplessis government, he was a staunch admirer of provincial autonomy, but with the archaic sequence of events following the conflicts that arouse between Federal and Provincial matters in Quebec, he had taken a stance on Federalism that involved security, economic prosperity and centralized authority. It wasn't until 1963 when the newly appointed Premier of Quebec, Rene Levesque, warned that there must be a new Canada within five years or Quebec will quit confederation. It was not until 1965 that a man named Pierre Trudeau entered politics. It is at this point in his anthology that I was able to Pierre Trudeau Essays - Pierre Trudeau, French Quebecers Pierre Trudeau Pierre Trudeau, former Prime Minister of Canada, was once described as "A French Canadian proud of his identity and culture, yet a biting critic of French-Canadian society, determined to destroy its mythology and illusions". He has also been identified as "A staunch, upholder of provincial autonomy holding the justice portfolio in the federal government". Such cumulative appraisal and observation made by past fellow bureaucrat provides high testimonial for the ex-Democratic Socialist. This critique will establish and dispute the prime directives that Trudeau had advocated in his own book written during the years 1965 to 1967. The compilation of political essays featured in his book deal with the diverse complexities of social, cultural and economical issues that were predominant in Canadian politics during the mid 1960's. However, throughout my readings I was also able to discover the fundamental principles that Trudeau would advocate in order to establish a strong and p roductive influence in Canadian politics. Born in 1921, Trudeau entered the world in a bilingual/bicultural home located in the heart of Montreal, Quebec. His acceptance into the University of Montreal would mark the beginning of his adventures into the Canadian political spectrum. Early in his life, Trudeau had become somewhat anti-clerical and possessed communist ideologies which were considered radical at the time. Graduating from prestigious institutions such as Harvard and The School of Economics in England, Turdeau returned to Canada in 1949 and resumed his social science endeavors. At this time in Quebec, the province was experiencing tremendous cultural and political differences with the rest of the country. The Union Nationale had taken possession of political matters in Quebec and was steadily dismantling the socialist essence imposed on the province by the Federal government. The current Prime Minister, Maurice Duplessis, found himself battling a religious nationalist movement that corrupted the very fabric of political stability in Quebec. The Duplessis faction maintained their conservative approach towards political reform but failed to sway the majority of the population into alleviating with the demands of the Canadian government. The citizens of Quebec revered their clerical sector as holding 'utmost importance' towards preserving French cultural values and this did not correlate with the Federal government's policies and ideals. Francophones were under the impression that their own Federal government had set out to crush and assimilate what had remained of their illustrious heritage in order to accommodate economic and political tranquility. Trudeau himself had decided to join the nationalist uprising with his advocation of provincial autonomy. Ultimately, he and other skilled social scientists attempted to bring down the Duplessis party in 1949, but failed miserably in their efforts. Duplessis buckled underneath t he continuous pressure of French patriotism and was rewarded for his inept idleness by winning his fourth consecutive election in 1956. Although nothing of significance had been accomplished, Quebec has solidified its temporary presence in confederation at such a time. This prompted Trudeau to involve himself in provincial diplomacy as he would engage in several media projects that would voice his displeasure and disapproval with the ongoing cultural predicament in Canada (this included a syndicated newspaper firm, live radio programs). "If, in the last analysis, we continually identify Catholicism with conservatism and patriotism with immobility, we will lose by default that which is in play between all cultures...". By literally encouraging a liberal, left- wing revolution in his province, Trudeau believed that Democracy must come before Ideology. Gradually, his disposition would attract many politicians and advocates of Socialism, and thus it allowed him to radiate hi s ideology onto the populace of Quebec. Trudeau makes it clear in his book that during the early years of the Duplessis government, he was a staunch admirer of provincial autonomy, but with the archaic sequence of events following the conflicts that arouse between Federal and Provincial matters in Quebec, he had taken a stance on Federalism that involved security, economic prosperity and centralized authority. It wasn't until 1963 when the newly appointed Premier of Quebec, Rene Levesque, warned that there must be a new Canada within five years or Quebec will quit confederation. It was not until 1965 that a man named Pierre Trudeau entered politics. It is at this point in his anthology that I was able to

The Effects of Drugs essays

The Effects of Drugs essays Drugs are everywhere. Nearly everybody knows somebody who has used or uses drugs, whether the user is a friend or a celebrity. Since drugs are everywhere, so are the effects of drugs. While drugs affect everyone around them, some of the effects that drugs have on a user include becoming antisocial, losing sight of goals, being content with less, transforming into a different person, and gambling with health. Withdrawing from loved ones, such as friends and family, a drug user usually becomes antisocial. After using drugs over time, they tend to avoid most or all public situations. If a teen is experimenting or using drugs while in school, he or she may never begin and sometimes quit extracurricular activities such as clubs and sports. This type of person becomes so involved in their drugs that they eventually just stay to their self. A users withdrawal from normal social functions may also cause problems within various relationships. While an addict may not mind the distance widening between them and their boyfriend, their mom, or their best friend, their loved ones do care and sometimes feel hurt. Drugs simply steal and imprison the people who use them. Not only do drugs cause a person to draw away from their friends and family and social activities, but they also cause a person to withdraw from their goals. Developing a general lack of interest, a drug user may lose sight of their future. They may stop attending school or work and not complete homework or simple, necessary tasks. For a student using drugs, college suddenly may not appear important anymore. They may settle for a career at Mc Donalds or Burger King. Workers or parents may not seem concerned with earning their next raise or even taking care of their children. Areas in life that once held importance begin not to matter. If a person begins using and abusing drugs, they will never know their full potential as their f...

What Are the Distinct Marks of Catholic Anglicanism Essay

What Are the Distinct Marks of Catholic Anglicanism - Essay Example The designation seems to date from 1838 at the University of Oxford toward the beginning of the movement centered on restoring the Caroline Divines' 17th-century High Church ideals through a Catholic revival in the Church of England (Nockles, P.1994:270). Catholic Anglicanism professes a high doctrine of the Church and Sacraments, ascribes great significance to the apostolic succession (meaning an episcopal lineage reaching back to the apostles), argues for the Anglican Confession's clear-cut historical continuity with the early Church in the first centuries of the Christian era, and, finally, defends the crucial autonomy of the Church from any undue interference of the State. Toward the end of the late 1820s into the early 1830s, Oriel College in Oxford harbored a number of quite erudite young fellows whose earnest concerns about the shortcomings of the 19th-century Church of England led them to unite with each other together with a slightly-older priest and professor of poetry at the college, John Keble, in commitment to renewal of the church (Chadwick, O.1990:135). On 14 July 1833 at Oxford, John Keble preached the Assize Sermon, officially directed to the judges and officers of the civil and criminal courts at the outset of a new session or assize (Cross, F. L. and Livingstone, E.A.1997:1205). The sermon entitled National Apostasy virtually indicted the English nation for slighting God by trying to run the Church as a mere branch of the government, rather than respect its mission as an emissary of God, independent of the legislative interference of a parliament composed of Anglican laymen (Reed, J.S.1996:8). Keble's delivery provoked a national uproar, marking a significant juncture in the erstwhile beginnings of the spiritual renewal known as the Oxford or Tractarian Movement - Tractarian, since the movement was to be further energized by a series of ninety Tracts, in leaflets as well as much lengthier treatises or catenae, published over the course of the next eight years (Reed, J.S.1996:8). Oriel was the highly intellectual College of the Anglican-operated University of Oxford which prepared the vast majority of clergy to serve in the Church of England. John Henry Newman, Vicar of the University Church, Richard Hurrell Froude, a junior fellow of Oriel, and William Palmer, a fellow of Worcester, joined with the aforementioned priest and professor, John Keble, to follow up his clearly-provocative challenge to the status quo with a succession of Tracts for the Times (Herring, G. 2002:25). Several historical factors contributed to the movement's immediate popularity and growth. In the wake of the Industrial Revolution, the Church in the 19th Century faced serious problems over the emergence of wretched pockets of urban poverty, as well as increasingly cavalier attitudes toward the faith in the face of secular perspectives on human advancement (Scudder, V.D. 1898). In the field of social justice, the Tractarian leaders thoroughly repudiated any compartmentalizing of spirituality and conceived of religion as asserting dominion over the whole of life. In the name of the Catholic faith, they roundly condemned the veritable worship of material things that came in as a by-product of the Industrial Revolution. (Kenyon, R.1933:). The steady weakening of Church life and the spread of Liberalism in theology prompted serious worries among the English clergy. More immediately, a threat to Anglican identity emerged from the abrupt removal of long-standing criteria for service in state office and the repeal the last of the Penal Laws with discriminatory practices (Cross, F. L.

BARIATRIC SURGERY FOR OBESITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BARIATRIC SURGERY FOR OBESITY - Essay Example Not everybody can undergo bariatric, or weight loss surgery. The prospective patient needs to undergo physical examination to determine whether s/he can qualify for the procedure. One consideration is the person’s body mass index, or BMI. It is the standard way to define overweight, obesity, and morbid obesity. The BMI, according to Torpy (1986), is calculated based on a persons height and weight—weight in kilograms (2.2 pounds per kilogram) divided by the square of height in meters (39.37 inches per meter). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) requires a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40. This is the equivalent of being about 100 pounds overweight for men and 80 pounds overweight for women (Consumer Guide to Weight Loss Surgery (Bariatric Surgery), 2005). Only when a person is found to be morbidly obese is bariatric surgery offered as recourse. If all else has failed ( including medical treatment), as well as lifestyle changes of healthy eating and regular exercise, then bariatric surgery is an option. However, if a person is not found to be morbidly obese, but s/he suffers from health-related illnesses such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol, bariatric surgery can be offered as an option. Otherwise, bariatric surgery will not be considered. Age is another consideration. Adolescents can be considered for the procedure only when they have tried to lose weight for at least six month, but been unsuccessful. Just like the adult candidates, adolescents must be extremely obese, with BMI greater than 40. They must also have reached their adult height. It’s usually 13, or older, for girls; and 15, or older for boys, and have serious weight-related health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, heart disease, or significant functional or psychosocial impairment (Bariatric Surgery for Severe Obesity, 2009). Further, physical considerations are not enough for adolescent candidates. They, together with their parents, need